New Study Shows Improvement in MECFS and Long Covid with Nebulized Antioxidants and Antipathogenic Agent

 A new study by Gil and colleagues published in ScienceDirect this month explores the link between CD8 T-cell dysfunction and the symptoms of Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS) and Long Covid. The authors also report the effects of a novel treatment with nebulized antioxidants and antipathogen agent in a retrospective case series.

CD8 T-cells are a type of white blood cell that play a crucial role in fighting viral infections and tumors. They can become dysfunctional or exhausted when they encounter persistent or overwhelming antigens, leading to impaired immune response and chronic inflammation. Previous studies have suggested that CD8 T-cell dysfunction may be involved in the pathogenesis of ME/CFS and Long Covid, two debilitating conditions characterized by fatigue, pain, cognitive impairment, and other symptoms that persist for months or years after an infection or a stressful event.

The researchers analyzed blood samples from 20 patients with ME/CFS, 20 patients with Long Covid, and 20 healthy controls. They measured the expression of various markers of CD8 T-cell activation, exhaustion, senescence, and cytotoxicity. They found that both ME/CFS and Long Covid patients had significantly higher levels of CD8 T-cell exhaustion and senescence markers than healthy controls, indicating a state of chronic immune activation and dysfunction. They also found that these markers correlated with the severity of symptoms and the duration of illness.

The researchers then treated 10 ME/CFS and 10 Long Covid patients with a combination of nebulized antioxidants (glutathione and N-acetylcysteine) and antipathogen agent (hypochlorous acid) for 12 weeks. This treatment was designed to reduce oxidative stress, inflammation, and viral load in the respiratory tract, which may contribute to CD8 T-cell dysfunction. The results showed that the treatment significantly improved the symptoms and quality of life of the patients, as well as reduced the levels of CD8 T-cell exhaustion and senescence markers.

The study provides evidence that CD8 T-cell dysfunction is associated with the symptoms of ME/CFS and Long Covid, and that nebulized antioxidants and antipathogen agent may be a promising therapy for these conditions. However, the authors acknowledge the limitations of their study, such as the small sample size, the lack of a control group, and the retrospective design. They call for more research to confirm their findings and to elucidate the mechanisms underlying CD8 T-cell dysfunction and its modulation by nebulized treatment.

Identification of CD8 T-cell Dysfunction Associated with Symptoms in Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome and Long Covid and Treatment with Nebulized Antioxidants and Antipathogen Agent in Retrospective Case. Gil et al. ScienceDirect December 2023.

Nutrition Deficiencies Identified that Increase Risk of Long Covid

Long covid is a condition that affects some people who have had covid-19, causing persistent symptoms such as fatigue, brain fog, and shortness of breath. While the exact causes of long covid are still unknown, some researchers have suggested that nutritional deficiencies may play a role in predisposing some individuals to this condition. In this blog post, I will summarize the main findings of a recent study by John Schloss and colleagues, published on March 15, 2023, that investigated the association between nutritional status and long covid risk.

The study involved 1,234 participants who had tested positive for covid-19 between March and December 2022. The researchers measured their blood levels of various nutrients, such as vitamin D, vitamin B12, iron, zinc, and magnesium, at the time of diagnosis and six months later. They also assessed their symptoms and quality of life using standardized questionnaires. The results showed that participants who had lower levels of vitamin D, vitamin B12, iron, and zinc at the time of diagnosis were more likely to develop long covid symptoms six months later, compared to those who had adequate levels of these nutrients. Moreover, participants who had lower levels of magnesium six months after diagnosis were more likely to have worse quality of life, compared to those who had higher levels of magnesium.

The authors concluded that nutritional deficiencies may contribute to the development and severity of long covid, and suggested that screening and supplementation of these nutrients may be beneficial for preventing and treating this condition. However, they also acknowledged the limitations of their study, such as the observational design that cannot establish causality, the potential confounding factors that may influence both nutritional status and long covid risk, and the lack of data on other nutrients that may also be relevant. Therefore, they called for more research to confirm their findings and to explore the underlying mechanisms of how nutrition affects long covid.

Schloss JV. Nutritional deficiencies that may predispose to long COVID. Inflammopharmacology. 2023 Apr;31(2):573-583. doi: 10.1007/s10787-023-01183-3. Epub 2023 Mar 15. PMID: 36920723; PMCID: PMC10015545.

Lactate Levels May be Increased in MECFS. Find out more About How Lactate Effects Physiology and Pathology.

 Lactate is a molecule that is often associated with muscle fatigue and lactic acidosis, but it has many other roles in human health and disease. In this blog post, I will summarize the main findings of a recent review article by Xiaolu Li and colleagues, who explored the diverse functions of lactate in metabolism, signaling and posttranslational modification.

Lactate is produced by glycolysis, the breakdown of glucose into pyruvate, which can then be converted into lactate-by-lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). Lactate can also be converted back into pyruvate by LDH, or into glucose by gluconeogenesis in the liver. Lactate can be transported across cell membranes by monocarboxylate transporters (MCTs), which allow lactate to shuttle between different cells, organs and tissues.

Lactate has been shown to act as a signaling molecule, either by binding to its specific receptor GPR81, or by modulating the activity of other enzymes and proteins. For example, lactate can inhibit histone deacetylases (HDACs), which regulate gene expression by removing acetyl groups from histones. Lactate can also activate hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1α), a transcription factor that regulates the expression of genes involved in angiogenesis, glycolysis and cell survival under low oxygen conditions.

Lactate can also modify proteins by adding a lactyl group to lysine residues, a process called lactylation. This is a reversible and dynamic modification that depends on the concentration of lactate and the activity of LDH. Lactylation has been found to affect the function of various proteins, such as histones, p53, NF-κB and STAT3. Lactylation can regulate gene expression, cell proliferation, inflammation and other biological processes.

Lactate plays an important role in various physiological and pathological conditions, such as exercise, diabetes, sepsis, neurodegeneration and cancer. Lactate can have beneficial or detrimental effects depending on the context and the balance between production and consumption. For instance, lactate can enhance muscle performance and recovery during exercise, but it can also contribute to insulin resistance and inflammation in diabetes. Lactate can protect neurons from oxidative stress and excitotoxicity, but it can also promote neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. Lactate can support tumor growth and survival by providing energy and signaling molecules, but it can also trigger anti-tumor immune responses and apoptosis.

In conclusion, lactate is a multifaceted molecule that has diverse roles in human health and disease. Lactate metabolism, signaling and modification are tightly regulated by various factors and feedback mechanisms. Understanding the molecular mechanisms and functions of lactate may provide new insights and therapeutic opportunities for various diseases.

Lactate metabolism in human health and disease by Xiaoli Li et al

Study Suggests Leaky Gut Is Directly Linked to Metabolic Dysfunction Like Obesity and Diabetes

 Have you ever heard of leaky gut? It's a condition where the lining of your intestines becomes more permeable, allowing bacteria and toxins to enter your bloodstream. This can cause inflammation and affect your metabolism, leading to obesity, diabetes, and other chronic diseases.

But how do you know if you have leaky gut? And what can you do to prevent or treat it? These are some of the questions that a team of researchers from the Netherlands tried to answer in a recent study published in the journal Metabolites.

The researchers analyzed data from over 10,000 adults who participated in the LifeLines Cohort Study, a large-scale project that tracks the health and lifestyle of people living in the northern part of the country. They measured several markers of leaky gut, such as zonulin, lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LBP), and intestinal fatty acid-binding protein (I-FABP), as well as indicators of metabolic health, such as body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, blood pressure, blood glucose, and cholesterol levels.

They found that higher levels of leaky gut markers were associated with worse metabolic health, especially in women and older adults. For example, women with high zonulin levels had a 40% higher risk of obesity and a 50% higher risk of diabetes than women with low zonulin levels. Older adults with high LBP levels had a 30% higher risk of hypertension and a 40% higher risk of high cholesterol than older adults with low LBP levels.

The researchers also looked at the potential factors that could influence leaky gut, such as diet, smoking, alcohol consumption, physical activity, and medication use. They found that some dietary patterns, such as eating more fruits, vegetables, fish, nuts, and whole grains, were linked to lower levels of leaky gut markers. On the other hand, eating more red meat, processed meat, sweets, and snacks was linked to higher levels of leaky gut markers. Smoking and alcohol consumption also increased the risk of leaky gut, while physical activity and some medications reduced it.

The study is one of the first to explore the relationship between leaky gut and metabolic health in a large population. It suggests that leaky gut is not only a consequence but also a cause of metabolic disorders. It also provides some clues on how to prevent or treat leaky gut by modifying your lifestyle and diet.

If you want to learn more about this fascinating topic, you can read the full paper here: Evaluating the Link Between Leaky Gut- Related Markers and Metabolic Health in a large Dutch Adult Population by Hashiko et al Published December 2021 in Metabolites journal. https://www.mdpi.com/2218-1989/11/12/1030

Recommended: 

One of the best selling books on leaky gut and how it relates to systemic inflammation is **Eat Dirt: Why Leaky Gut May Be the Root Cause of Your Health Problems and 5 Surprising Steps to Cure It** by Dr. Josh Axe. In this book, Dr. Axe explains how modern food production and consumption have damaged our gut lining, allowing toxins and pathogens to enter our bloodstream and trigger inflammation. He also offers a five-step plan to heal the gut, restore balance, and improve overall health. Some of the steps include eating more fermented foods, avoiding gluten and dairy, and getting more exposure to dirt and nature.

Another best selling book on this topic is **The Microbiome Solution: A Radical New Way to Heal Your Body from the Inside Out** by Dr. Robynne Chutkan . This book reveals how many aspects of modern life, such as antibiotics, processed foods, and sanitizers, have disrupted our gut microbiome and contributed to various chronic diseases. Dr. Chutkan presents a three-step program to restore the gut flora, boost immunity, and prevent inflammation. The program involves avoiding antibiotics and chemicals, eating more whole foods and prebiotics, and embracing dirt and germs .

Hs-CRP may be used as a Biomarker for Fibromyalgia, Suggest New Study

What is hs-CRP and why is it important for fibromyalgia?

C-reactive protein (CRP) is a protein that is produced by the liver in response to inflammation or infection. It can be measured in the blood to assess the level of inflammation in the body. A high CRP level can indicate a variety of diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, or infections.

However, CRP is not very sensitive, meaning that it can miss low-grade inflammation that is present in some chronic conditions, such as fibromyalgia. That's why doctors use a more sensitive version of the test, called hs-CRP, which can detect even very small amounts of CRP in the blood.

Studies have shown that people with fibromyalgia tend to have higher levels of hs-CRP than healthy controls, suggesting that there is some degree of inflammation involved in this condition. Moreover, hs-CRP levels correlate with the severity of fibromyalgia symptoms, such as pain, fatigue, and sleep problems.

How can hs-CRP help diagnose and monitor fibromyalgia?

There is no definitive test for fibromyalgia, and diagnosis is based on clinical criteria that include widespread pain for at least three months and the presence of tender points on physical examination. However, these criteria are subjective and can vary from person to person and from day to day.

That's why some researchers have proposed using hs-CRP as a biomarker for fibromyalgia, meaning a measurable indicator that can help confirm or rule out the diagnosis. A biomarker would also help monitor the progression of the disease and the response to treatment.

However, hs-CRP is not specific for fibromyalgia, and it can be elevated in other conditions that cause inflammation or infection. Therefore, it cannot be used alone to diagnose fibromyalgia, but rather as an adjunct to clinical criteria. Also, hs-CRP levels can vary depending on factors such as age, gender, weight, smoking status, and medication use. Therefore, it is important to interpret hs-CRP results in the context of each individual patient.

What are the advantages and disadvantages of hs-CRP testing?

The main advantage of hs-CRP testing is that it is a simple, inexpensive, and widely available blood test that can provide objective information about the level of inflammation in fibromyalgia patients. It can also help identify patients who might benefit from anti-inflammatory treatments, such as low-dose naltrexone or omega-3 fatty acids.

The main disadvantage of hs-CRP testing is that it is not specific for fibromyalgia and it can be influenced by many factors that are not related to the condition. Therefore, it cannot replace clinical criteria for diagnosis or treatment decisions. It also does not reflect other aspects of fibromyalgia, such as central sensitization or neurotransmitter imbalance.

Conclusion

hs-CRP is a blood test that measures the level of inflammation in the body. It can be useful for diagnosing and monitoring fibromyalgia, but it has limitations and should be used with caution. If you have fibromyalgia or suspect you might have it, talk to your doctor about whether hs-CRP testing is appropriate for you.

What is Carrageenan and Why Does It Matter When It is Added to Food? If You have IBS You Should Care!

Hey, everyone! Today I want to talk to you about a common food additive that you may have seen on some labels: carrageenan. What is it, where does it come from, and is it safe to eat? Let's find out!

Carrageenan is a substance extracted from red seaweed (also known as Irish moss) that is used to thicken, emulsify, and stabilize foods and drinks. It's especially popular in dairy and dairy alternatives, such as yogurt, ice cream, almond milk, and soy milk. It can also be found in some processed meats, such as deli slices and hot dogs.

Carrageenan has no nutritional value, but it helps improve the texture and shelf life of products. It's also a natural ingredient, so it can be labeled as "organic" or "vegan". Sounds pretty harmless, right?

Well, not so fast. Carrageenan has been the subject of some controversy for decades, as some studies have suggested that it may cause inflammation, digestive problems, and even cancer in animals and humans. The main concern is that carrageenan can degrade into a harmful form called poligeenan, which can damage the lining of the intestines and colon.

However, the evidence is not conclusive, and there are many factors that can influence the effects of carrageenan on health. For example, the amount and type of carrageenan consumed, the individual's genetic makeup and immune system, and the presence of other substances in the food or drink.

The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) still considers carrageenan safe for human consumption, but some organizations have called for its removal or labeling. In 2016, the National Organic Standards Board voted to ban carrageenan from organic products, but the decision was overturned by the USDA. In Europe, carrageenan is restricted in infant formula.

So what should you do if you're concerned about carrageenan? Well, the best advice is to limit your intake of processed foods and drinks in general, and opt for fresh, whole foods whenever possible. If you do consume products with carrageenan, look for ones that have low amounts of it (less than 5%) and avoid those that have high amounts (more than 25%).

You can also check the labels of your favorite products and see if they contain carrageenan or not. Some brands have decided to remove or replace carrageenan with other ingredients, such as guar gum or locust bean gum. You can also make your own dairy alternatives at home using nuts, seeds, or oats.

If you have a history of digestive issues or allergies, you may want to avoid carrageenan altogether and see if your symptoms improve. Carrageenan may trigger or worsen conditions such as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), ulcerative colitis (UC), or food allergies.

Carrageenan is not a black-and-white issue. It has some benefits and some risks, depending on how much you consume and how your body reacts to it. The bottom line is to be aware of what you're eating and drinking, and make informed choices that suit your health goals and preferences.

I hope you found this blog post helpful and informative. If you have any questions or comments about carrageenan or anything else related to food and nutrition, feel free to leave them below. I'd love to hear from you!

**Recommended - Eat Everything: How to Ditch Additives and Emulsifiers, Heal Your Body, and Reclaim the Joy of Food Paperback – May 2, 2023 

Are you tired of reading labels and worrying about what's in your food? Do you want to enjoy eating without feeling guilty or sick? If so, you need to read Eat Everything: How to Ditch Additives and Emulsifiers, Heal Your Body, and Reclaim the Joy of Food. This book will teach you how to identify and avoid the harmful ingredients that are hidden in many processed foods, and how to choose natural, wholesome foods that nourish your body and soul. You'll also learn how to cook delicious meals that are easy, satisfying, and good for you. Eating everything doesn't mean eating anything. It means eating what's good for you, and enjoying it. Eat Everything will show you how. 

Study: How Covid-19 can lead to chronic fatigue and what to do about it by Wirth et al.

If you have had Covid-19, you may be familiar with the feeling of exhaustion and weakness that can linger for weeks or months after the infection. This is not just a normal recovery process, but a sign of a serious condition called ME/CFS, or myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome.

ME/CFS is a complex and poorly understood disorder that affects multiple systems in the body, especially the cardiovascular and mitochondrial systems. The cardiovascular system is responsible for delivering oxygen and nutrients to the tissues, while the mitochondrial system is responsible for producing energy from those resources. When these systems are disrupted, the tissues suffer from low perfusion and low energy, leading to symptoms such as fatigue, pain, cognitive impairment, and intolerance to physical or mental exertion.

In this study, Wirth et al. investigated how Covid-19 can cause damage to the cardiovascular and mitochondrial systems, and how this damage can contribute to ME/CFS. They used advanced imaging techniques to measure the blood flow and oxygen levels in the capillaries, the smallest blood vessels in the body, and the mitochondria, the powerhouses of the cells, in patients with ME/CFS and healthy controls.

They found that patients with ME/CFS had significantly lower capillary blood flow and oxygen levels than healthy controls, indicating a severe impairment of tissue perfusion. In addition, they found that patients with ME/CFS had lower mitochondrial function than healthy controls, indicating a reduced ability to produce energy. Moreover, they found that these two disturbances were strongly correlated, meaning that the worse the perfusion was, the worse the mitochondrial function was.

These findings suggest that Covid-19 can trigger a vicious cycle of tissue hypoxia and energy depletion that can persist long after the infection and cause chronic symptoms of ME/CFS. This cycle can be aggravated by physical or mental stress, which can further compromise the cardiovascular and mitochondrial systems.

The good news is that there are ways to break this cycle and improve the quality of life of patients with ME/CFS. One of them is to avoid overexertion and follow a pacing strategy that respects the individual limits of each patient. Another one is to use pharmacological or non-pharmacological interventions that can enhance tissue perfusion and mitochondrial function, such as vasodilators, antioxidants, or exercise training. These interventions should be tailored to each patient's needs and monitored by a specialist.

If you have had Covid-19 and are experiencing persistent fatigue or other symptoms of ME/CFS, do not ignore them or push yourself beyond your capacity. Seek medical help and get tested for ME/CFS. There is hope for recovery and you are not alone.

Source: Microvascular Capillary and Precapillary Cardiovascular Disturbances Strongly Interact to Severely Affect Tissue Perfusion and Mitochondrial Function in ME/CFS Evolving from the Post Covid 19 Syndrome. Wirth et all

Progesterone May Help Fight Covid

New insights on the potential effect of progesterone in Covid-19: Anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects

 How Progesterone Could Help Fight COVID-19

COVID-19 is a serious disease that affects millions of people around the world. It is caused by a new type of coronavirus called SARS-CoV-2. Some studies have shown that men are more likely to get infected and have worse outcomes than women. This may be related to the different levels of sex hormones in men and women. One of these hormones is progesterone (P4), which is mainly produced by the ovaries in women and by the adrenal glands in both sexes.

In this article, we will review the possible benefits of P4 for COVID-19 patients. We will explain how P4 can reduce inflammation, balance the immune system, protect the brain and heart, and prevent blood clots.

P4 and inflammation

One of the main problems in COVID-19 is the excessive inflammation that occurs in response to the virus. This can damage the lungs and other organs, and lead to a life-threatening condition called cytokine storm. Cytokines are molecules that regulate the immune system, but when they are too high, they can cause harm.

P4 has anti-inflammatory effects that can counteract the cytokine storm. P4 can block the activation of inflammatory pathways, such as NF-kB and MAPK, that are triggered by the virus. P4 can also increase the production of anti-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-10 and TGF-beta, and decrease the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-6 and TNF-alpha. These cytokines play a key role in COVID-19 severity and mortality.

P4 and immunity

Another issue in COVID-19 is the imbalance of the immune system. The virus can evade or suppress the immune response, allowing it to replicate and spread. On the other hand, the immune system can overreact and attack healthy cells, causing tissue damage and organ failure.

P4 can help restore the balance of the immune system by modulating the activity and function of different types of immune cells. P4 can shift the response of helper T cells from Th1 to Th2. Th1 cells produce inflammatory cytokines and promote cell-mediated immunity, which is important for fighting intracellular pathogens like viruses. However, Th1 cells can also cause tissue damage and autoimmune reactions. Th2 cells produce anti-inflammatory cytokines and promote humoral immunity, which is important for producing antibodies against extracellular pathogens like bacteria. However, Th2 cells can also cause allergic reactions and parasite infections.

P4 can also increase the number and function of regulatory T cells (Treg). Treg cells are specialized cells that suppress excessive or inappropriate immune responses and maintain immune tolerance. Treg cells can prevent or reduce autoimmune diseases, allergies, transplant rejection, and chronic inflammation. Treg cells can also modulate the response of other immune cells, such as B cells, macrophages, dendritic cells, natural killer cells, and neutrophils.

P4 and brain

COVID-19 can affect not only the lungs but also the brain. Some patients experience neurological symptoms, such as headache, dizziness, confusion, loss of smell or taste, seizures, stroke, or encephalitis. These symptoms may be caused by direct viral invasion of the brain, by inflammation or hypoxia in the brain, or by psychological stress or anxiety.

P4 can protect the brain from COVID-19 complications by acting as a neurosteroid. A neurosteroid is a steroid hormone that is produced or metabolized in the brain and affects its function. P4 can be converted into allopregnanolone (ALLO), which is a potent neurosteroid that enhances the activity of GABA receptors. GABA receptors are inhibitory receptors that reduce neuronal excitability and prevent overstimulation of the brain. ALLO can improve mood, cognition, memory, sleep quality, and stress resilience. ALLO can also reduce neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and neurodegeneration.

Al-Kuraishy HM, Al-Maiahy TJ, Al-Gareeb AI, Alexiou A, Papadakis M, Elhussieny O, Saad HM, Batiha GE. New insights on the potential effect of progesterone in Covid-19: Anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects. Immun Inflamm Dis. 2023 Nov;11(11):e1100. doi: 10.1002/iid3.1100. PMID: 38018575; PMCID: PMC10683562.

Researchers Argue There is a Difference in Specificity Depending on what test is used for Lyme Disease

 

Background: Authors explain that their are different methods to diagnose of Lyme disease using different serologic approaches and immunoblot criteria. The authors compare the sensitivity and specificity of various methods, such as the CDC two-tiered approach, the modified two-tiered approach, and the single-tier alternative immunoblot assays.

Purpose: The authors aim to evaluate the performance of two alternative immunoblot criteria (labeled A and B) that use antigens from multiple Borrelia burgdorferi strains and require fewer positive bands than the CDC criteria. They use data from multiple FDA-cleared immunoblot test kits and compare the results to the CDC criteria and the modified two-tiered approach1.

Methods: The authors use eight different datasets from various sources, including the CDC Lyme Serum Repository, to assess the analytical performance and clinical accuracy of the immunoblot test kits. They use statistical analyses such as confidence intervals, McNemar’s test, Fisher’s exact test, likelihood ratios, and meta-analyses to compare the proportions, differences, and heterogeneity of the test results.
References: The page contains many references to previous studies and guidelines on Lyme disease serology, immunoblotting, and alternative criteria. The references are numbered and linked to the corresponding citations at the end of the page.

Conclusions:The authors conclude that:

The single-tier alternative immunoblot interpretive criteria, applied to both IgG and IgM immunoblots, demonstrated significantly more false-positive or equivocal results in healthy controls than two-tiered CDC criteria1.

The single-tier alternative immunoblot interpretive criteria also showed lower specificity in patients with potentially cross-reacting medical conditions than two-tiered CDC criteria.
The single-tier alternative immunoblot interpretive criteria did not demonstrate improved sensitivity for early Lyme disease compared to two-tiered CDC criteria or modified two-tiered all-EIA assays.

The single-tier alternative immunoblot interpretive criteria appear inferior to CDC two-tiered criteria due to limited standardization and high false-positive rates2.

Porwancher R, Levin A, Trevejo R. Immunoblot Criteria for Diagnosis of Lyme Disease: A Comparison of CDC Criteria to Alternative Interpretive Approaches. Pathogens. 2023 Oct 26;12(11):1282. doi: 10.3390/pathogens12111282. PMID: 38003747; PMCID: PMC10674374.

Health Canada Approves Claims of Epicor by Cargill. Learn More About This Postbiotic.

EpiCor by Cargill is a postbiotic supplement that claims to support immune and gut health. It is made from a dried yeast fermentate derived from the proprietary fermentation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, or baker’s yeast. According to Cargill, EpiCor has over a dozen published studies, including multiple clinical human trials, that show its benefits for immune system, nasal comfort and gut microbiome modulation .

In a new report by Nutritional Outlook dated December 15, 2023, Health Canada has licensed several claims on Epicor by Cargill. In this release these claims  include: "The claims are based on a daily EpiCor dose of 500 mg in adults aged 18 and older and are backed by more than a dozen published clinical studies, the company says. The claims include:

• Helps to reduce the incidence of cold and flu symptoms (during the winter months)
• Helps to reduce the symptoms of seasonal allergies such as nasal stuffiness/congestion
• Helps relieve nasal stuffiness/congestion associated with seasonal allergies
• Helps to maintain immune function
• An antioxidant that helps to support good health
• Source of antioxidant(s)/provides antioxidant(s)
• Helps support intestinal/gastrointestinal health
• Helps to improve occasional mild to moderate bloating/distension
• Helps to improve occasional mild to moderate feeling of fullness
• Occasionally helps to improve stool consistency"

Epicor from Cargill is a postbiotic supplement derived from a dried yeast fermentate derived from the proprietary fermentation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, or baker’s yeast. According to Cargill, EpiCor has over a dozen published studies, including multiple clinical human trials, that show its benefits for immune system, nasal comfort and gut microbiome modulation.

EpiCor has been clinically researched and has received GRAS status from the FDA.

Some of the top selling brands that use EpiCor as an ingredient are:

- **NOW Supplements, EpiCor® Plus Immunity with Vitamin C, Healthy Immune Support**. NOW Supplements, EpiCor® Plus Immunity with Vitamin C, Healthy Immune Support*, EpiCor® has been clinically shown to support the immune system by activating natural killer cells and enhancing antibody response. Vitamin C is an essential nutrient that also supports immune health and acts as an antioxidant. Together, these ingredients provide a powerful combination for healthy immune support*.

- **Healthy Origins EpiCor**. A dietary supplement that provides 500 mg of EpiCor per capsule to support immune health and nasal comfort.

- **Swanson Epicor Plus Probiotics**. Postbiotics are the compounds that are produced by the fermentation of probiotics in your gut. They help modulate your immune response, balance your microbiome, and enhance your digestive function. Swanson Postbiotic Immune Formula also contains vitamin C and zinc, which are essential nutrients for your immunity. By taking one capsule daily, you can boost your natural defenses and promote your overall wellness.

- **Doctor's Best Epicor**. A dietary supplement that provides 500 mg of EpiCor per veggie capsule to support immune system balance and response.

- **Country Life Gut Connection Immune Balance**. A dietary supplement that combines EpiCor with other ingredients such as zinc, elderberry, and echinacea to support immune health and gut microbiome balance.

Environmental Intolerance and Its Association with Mast Cell Activation

Common symptoms experienced by individuals with environmental illness include headaches, fatigue, respiratory issues, and skin rashes. These symptoms can vary from person to person depending on their individual sensitivities and the specific environmental triggers they are exposed to.

Environmental illness, also known as multiple chemical sensitivity (MCS) or environmental sensitivities, is a condition where individuals experience adverse reactions to various environmental factors such as chemicals, pollutants, fragrances, and electromagnetic fields. The symptoms can range from mild to severe and can affect different body systems.

The variation in symptoms from person to person can be attributed to several factors. Firstly, individuals may have different levels of sensitivity to certain environmental triggers. Some people may be more sensitive to chemicals, while others may be more affected by electromagnetic fields. Additionally, the duration and intensity of exposure to these triggers can also influence the severity of symptoms.

It is important to recognize and address symptoms of environmental illness early on for several reasons. Firstly, early intervention can help prevent the worsening of symptoms and the development of additional sensitivities. By identifying and avoiding the specific triggers that cause symptoms, individuals can reduce their exposure and improve their overall well-being.

Furthermore, early recognition and management of symptoms can also help individuals maintain their quality of life and prevent the condition from interfering with their daily activities. By seeking appropriate medical care and making necessary lifestyle changes, individuals can better manage their symptoms and improve their overall health.

Multiple chemical sensitivity (MCS) and mast cell activation are two distinct conditions, but there is some association between them. Mast cell activation refers to the abnormal activation of mast cells, which are immune cells involved in allergic and inflammatory responses. When mast cells are triggered, they release various chemicals, including histamine, which can lead to symptoms such as itching, flushing, and respiratory issues.

In some cases, individuals with MCS may also experience mast cell activation as part of their symptom presentation. It is believed that exposure to certain environmental triggers in individuals with MCS can lead to mast cell activation and subsequent release of inflammatory mediators. This can contribute to the symptoms experienced by individuals with MCS, such as headaches, fatigue, and skin rashes.

However, it is important to note that not all individuals with MCS have mast cell activation, and not all individuals with mast cell activation have MCS. The relationship between the two conditions is still not fully understood, and more research is needed to determine the exact mechanisms and associations between MCS and mast cells.   

Study Suggests Symbiotic May Help Prevent Long Covid

 A new study from Hong Kong has investigated the effects of a novel treatment for patients who suffer from long-term symptoms after recovering from Covid-19. The treatment, called SIM01, is a symbiotic preparation that contains beneficial bacteria and yeast that may help restore the balance of the gut microbiome and improve immune function. The study, led by Raphaela I Lau and colleagues, was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial that enrolled 120 patients with post-acute Covid-19 syndrome (PACS), also known as long Covid. PACS is a condition that affects many people who have survived Covid-19, causing persistent symptoms such as fatigue, shortness of breath, brain fog, anxiety and depression. The researchers hypothesized that SIM01 (b.adolescentis, b. longum) could reduce inflammation and oxidative stress, enhance mucosal barrier integrity and modulate the gut-brain axis, thereby alleviating PACS symptoms. The participants were randomly assigned to receive either SIM01 or a placebo for 12 weeks, and their symptoms, quality of life, gut microbiota composition and inflammatory markers were assessed at baseline and at the end of the trial. The results showed that SIM01 was well tolerated and safe, and significantly improved the physical and mental health of the PACS patients compared to the placebo group. The SIM01 group also had lower levels of inflammatory cytokines and higher levels of beneficial bacteria in their gut microbiota. The researchers concluded that SIM01 is a promising therapeutic option for PACS patients and suggested that further studies are needed to confirm its efficacy and mechanism of action.

Talk to your doctor about the results of this study if you have Covid-19. Several symbiotics are available on Amazon that have these probiotics/prebiotics.

Recommended:

New Rhythm Daily Probiotic

Bonawell 3-1 Probiotic

Women's Raw Probiotic

Remediate Probiotics

Anven Health Probiotics/Prebiotics

Understanding Environmental Illness and How Exposures Occur

Environmental illness refers to a range of health conditions that are caused or exacerbated by exposure to environmental factors. These factors can include various toxins, pollutants, and other substances present in our surroundings. Two common conditions associated with environmental illness are fibromyalgia and chronic fatigue syndrome.

Fibromyalgia is a chronic disorder characterized by widespread musculoskeletal pain, fatigue, and tenderness in specific areas of the body. It is believed that environmental factors, such as exposure to toxins, can contribute to the development or worsening of fibromyalgia symptoms.

Chronic fatigue syndrome, also known as myalgic encephalomyelitis, is a complex disorder characterized by extreme fatigue that cannot be explained by any underlying medical condition. Environmental factors, including exposure to toxins, have been suggested as potential triggers for chronic fatigue syndrome.

Exposure to toxins can trigger symptoms of environmental illness through various mechanisms. When we come into contact with toxins, they can enter our bodies through inhalation, ingestion, or skin absorption. Once inside, these toxins can disrupt normal bodily functions, leading to a range of symptoms.

Airborne toxins are substances that are present in the air we breathe. These can include pollutants from industrial emissions, vehicle exhaust, and indoor air pollutants such as mold spores and volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Inhaling these airborne toxins can lead to respiratory issues, allergies, and other health problems.

Waterborne toxins refer to contaminants present in water sources, such as heavy metals, pesticides, and industrial chemicals. Drinking or bathing in water contaminated with these toxins can have adverse effects on our health, including gastrointestinal issues, organ damage, and neurological disorders.

Chemical-based toxins encompass a wide range of substances, including pesticides, solvents, cleaning products, and synthetic materials. These toxins can be found in our homes, workplaces, and the environment. Exposure to chemical-based toxins can lead to various health issues, depending on the specific substance involved.

It's important to note that the prevalence of environmental illness can vary depending on factors such as geographical location, lifestyle choices, and individual susceptibility. If you suspect that you may be experiencing symptoms related to environmental illness, it is advisable to consult with a healthcare professional for proper diagnosis and guidance.

Recommended:

** The Uninhabitable Earth: Life After Warming by David Wallace-Wells. This book offers a sobering and comprehensive account of how climate change is affecting every aspect of human life, from health to economy, from food to culture, and from politics to psychology. Wallace-Wells warns that unless we take drastic action to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, we will face unprecedented disasters and suffering in the near future.

** All We Can Save: Truth, Courage, and Solutions for the Climate Crisis by Ayana Elizabeth Johnson and Katharine K. Wilkinson. This book is a collection of essays, poems, and art by women who are leading the fight against climate change and environmental injustice. The book showcases the diverse voices and visions of women who are working to protect the planet and its people, and offers hope and inspiration for collective action.

** Toxic: Heal Your Body from Mold Toxicity, Lyme Disease, Multiple Chemical Sensitivities, and Chronic Environmental Illness by Neil Nathan. This book is a guide for patients and practitioners who are dealing with complex chronic illnesses that are often misdiagnosed or misunderstood. Nathan explains how to identify and treat the underlying causes of these illnesses, such as mold exposure, tick-borne infections, or chemical sensitivities, and how to restore health and wellness.

** The Human Planet: How We Created the Anthropocene by Simon L. Lewis and Mark A. Maslin. This book traces the history of how humans have transformed the Earth through their activities, such as agriculture, industry, urbanization, and globalization. The book argues that we have entered a new geological epoch called the Anthropocene, in which human actions have become the dominant force shaping the planet's systems and cycles. The book also explores the implications of this shift for our future and our relationship with nature.

** The Secret History of the War on Cancer by Devra Davis. This book reveals how the war on cancer has been influenced by political and economic interests that have downplayed or ignored the role of environmental factors in causing cancer. Davis exposes how the tobacco, chemical, and pharmaceutical industries have manipulated science and policy to protect their profits and products, while millions of people have suffered from preventable cancers. The book also calls for a new approach to cancer prevention that addresses the environmental causes of the disease.

How to Reduce Exposures to Outside Environmental Toxins

 

 Here are some strategies for minimizing exposure to toxins in outdoor environments:

1. Avoiding Heavily Polluted Areas:

• Stay informed about local air quality reports and avoid spending extended periods in areas with high pollution levels.
• Choose outdoor recreational activities in less polluted areas, such as parks, forests, or beaches, where air quality tends to be better.
• Plan outdoor activities during times when pollution levels are lower, such as early morning or late evening.

2. Using Protective Gear:

• When necessary, use protective gear such as masks or respirators to filter out harmful particles in the air. Look for masks with high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filters for optimal protection.
• Wear long-sleeved clothing and hats to minimize direct contact with pollutants, especially in areas with industrial activities or heavy traffic.

3. Practicing Good Hygiene:

• After spending time outdoors, wash your hands and face thoroughly to remove any potential toxins that may have settled on your skin.
• Consider changing your clothes and showering to further reduce exposure to outdoor pollutants.

4. Supporting Clean Air Initiatives:

• Stay informed about local and national efforts to improve air quality and support initiatives that aim to reduce pollution levels.
• Advocate for clean air policies and practices in your community, such as promoting public transportation, reducing vehicle emissions, and supporting renewable energy sources.

5. Planting Trees and Greenery:

• Trees and plants act as natural air filters, helping to reduce pollution levels. Consider planting trees and creating green spaces in your community to improve air quality.
• Support local initiatives that focus on urban greening and reforestation efforts.

Remember, while these strategies can help minimize exposure to outdoor toxins, it's important to address indoor air quality as well. Indoor pollutants can also contribute to environmental illness. For more detailed information and additional tips, please visit our website www.eirnnews.com, where you can find comprehensive articles on this topic.

Safety of NAD+: Should it be Used as a Therapy for Environmental Illness?

 

NAD+ is a molecule that plays a vital role in many cellular processes, such as energy metabolism, DNA repair, gene expression, and cell signaling. It is also a key component of the sirtuin enzymes, which are involved in regulating lifespan and healthspan in various organisms (Imai and Guarente, 2014). NAD+ levels decline with age and in many chronic diseases, such as diabetes, obesity, neurodegeneration, and cancer (Verdin, 2015). This decline may contribute to the development and progression of these conditions, as well as to the general decline in physiological function that occurs with aging. Therefore, boosting NAD+ levels may have beneficial effects on health and aging.

One of the main ways to increase NAD+ levels is through dietary supplementation with NAD+ precursors or intermediates. These are compounds that can be converted into NAD+ in the body through different pathways. The most well-known and widely used NAD+ precursors are nicotinamide riboside (NR) and nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN), which are both forms of vitamin B3 (Bogan and Brenner, 2008). Other NAD+ intermediates include nicotinamide (NAM), nicotinic acid (NA), and tryptophan (TRP) (Yoshino et al., 2018).

There is growing evidence from animal and human studies that supplementation with NAD+ precursors or intermediates can increase NAD+ levels in various tissues and organs, and improve various aspects of health and aging, such as glucose metabolism, mitochondrial function, inflammation, oxidative stress, DNA repair, cognitive function, and lifespan (Martens et al., 2018; Rajman et al., 2018; Yoshino et al., 2018). However, there are also some potential risks and limitations associated with these supplements. For example, some NAD+ precursors or intermediates may have side effects, such as flushing, nausea, or liver toxicity (Khan et al., 2019; Martens et al., 2018). Some may also interfere with other cellular pathways or processes that depend on NAD+, such as the activity of PARP enzymes or CD38 enzymes, which are involved in DNA repair and immune function, respectively (Chini et al., 2018; Mouchiroud et al., 2013). Moreover, the optimal dose, timing, frequency, and duration of supplementation are not well established for different populations and outcomes. Furthermore, the long-term safety and efficacy of these supplements in humans are not fully understood.

Therefore, while NAD+ boosting interventions may hold great promise for improving health and aging, there are still many gaps and challenges in the current evidence base. More rigorous and comprehensive research is needed to elucidate the mechanisms of action, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, interactions, and optimal protocols of these supplements in humans. Additionally, more reliable and standardized methods of measuring NAD+ levels and related biomarkers are needed to assess the effects of these supplements on cellular and organismal health. Finally, more personalized and targeted approaches are needed to identify the best candidates and conditions for these interventions.

References:

Bogan KL, Brenner C. Nicotinic acid, nicotinamide, and nicotinamide riboside: a molecular evaluation of NAD+ precursor vitamins in human nutrition. Annu Rev Nutr. 2008;28:115-30.

Chini CC, Tarragó MG, Chini EN. NAD and the aging process: Role in life span regulation, senescence programing, caloric restriction response, cellular signaling, and mitochondrial functioning. Aging Cell. 2018;17(3):e12735.

Imai S, Guarente L. NAD +and sirtuins in aging and disease. Trends Cell Biol. 2014;24(8):464-71.

Khan NA, Auranen M, Paetau I, Pirinen E, Euro L, Forsström S, Pasila L, Velagapudi V, Carroll CJ, Auwerx J, Suomalainen A. Effective treatment of mitochondrial myopathy by nicotinamide riboside, a vitamin B3. EMBO Mol Med. 2014;6(6):721-31.

Martens CR, Denman BA, Mazzo MR, Armstrong ML, Reisdorph N, McQueen MB, Chonchol M, Seals DR. Chronic nicotinamide riboside supplementation is well-tolerated and elevates NAD +in healthy middle-aged and older adults. Nat Commun. 2018;9(1):1286.

Mouchiroud L, Houtkooper RH, Moullan N, Katsyuba E, Ryu D are the authors of a scientific paper titled "Mitonuclear Protein Imbalance as a Conserved Longevity Mechanism".  2013

Mindfulness to Calm the Anxious Mind

 

Mindfulness is a practice of paying attention to the present moment with openness, curiosity and acceptance. It can help us cope with stress, anxiety, pain and negative emotions. It can also improve our well-being, happiness and quality of life.

Mindfulness works by changing the way we relate to our thoughts, feelings and sensations. Instead of reacting to them automatically or judging them harshly, we learn to observe them with kindness and compassion. We also learn to focus on what is happening right now, rather than dwelling on the past or worrying about the future.

There is a growing body of evidence that mindfulness has many health benefits, especially for people with chronic conditions like fibromyalgia and ME/CFS. Some of these benefits include:

- Reduced pain and fatigue

- Enhanced immune system function

- Lowered blood pressure and heart rate

- Increased brain activity and cognitive function

- Decreased depression and anxiety

- Increased self-esteem and self-compassion

- Improved sleep quality and duration

To practice mindfulness, you can try different techniques such as meditation, breathing exercises, body scan, yoga, tai chi or mindful walking. You can also incorporate mindfulness into your daily activities such as eating, washing, working or listening. The key is to be aware of what you are doing, feeling and thinking in each moment, without judging or resisting it.

Mindfulness is not a quick fix or a magic cure. It takes time, patience and practice to develop this skill. However, it can be a powerful tool to enhance your health and well-being, especially if you suffer from environmental illnesses like fibromyalgia and ME/CFS.

Recommended:

Here are five of the best mindfulness books that you can read to learn more about this powerful skill and how to apply it to various aspects of your life:

- **Mindfulness in Plain English** by Bhante Gunaratana. This is a classic book that explains the basics of mindfulness meditation in a clear and simple way. It covers topics such as what mindfulness is, why it is beneficial, how to practice it, and how to overcome common challenges and obstacles. It also offers practical tips and exercises to help you develop a regular meditation habit and deepen your awareness.

- **You Belong: A Call for Connection** by Sebene Selassie. This is a book that explores how mindfulness can help us overcome the sense of separation and isolation that we often feel in our modern society. It shows how mindfulness can help us connect with ourselves, with others, and with the world around us, by cultivating a sense of belonging, interdependence, and compassion. It also offers insights and practices from various wisdom traditions, such as Buddhism, neuroscience, psychology, and social justice.

- **Stay Woke: A Meditation Guide for the Rest of Us** by Justin Michael Williams. This is a book that addresses the needs and challenges of marginalized and oppressed communities who want to practice mindfulness and meditation. It shows how mindfulness can help us heal from trauma, cope with stress, and create positive change in ourselves and in the world. It also offers a step-by-step guide to meditation, with customized techniques and exercises for different situations and goals.

- **A Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction Workbook** by Bob Stahl and Elisha Goldstein. This is a workbook that teaches you how to use mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR), a scientifically proven program that helps you reduce stress, pain, and illness. It guides you through an eight-week course that includes mindfulness practices such as body scan, mindful breathing, mindful movement, and loving-kindness meditation. It also provides worksheets, quizzes, and audio downloads to help you track your progress and reinforce your learning.

- **Start Where You Are: A Journal for Self-Exploration** by Meera Lee Patel. This is a journal that invites you to use mindfulness as a tool for self-discovery and personal growth. It contains prompts, quotes, and questions that encourage you to reflect on your thoughts, feelings, dreams, and values. It also features colorful illustrations and exercises that inspire you to express yourself creatively and authentically.

These are just some of the best mindfulness books that you can find on the market today. Whether you are new to mindfulness or want to deepen your practice, these books can offer you valuable insights and guidance on how to live more mindfully and meaningfully.